Nose-Hoover thermostat

In the approach by Nosé and Hoover^[1]^[2]^[3] an extra degree of freedom is introduced in the Hamiltonian. The heat bath is considered as an integral part of the system and has a fictious coordinate $s$ which is introduced into the Lagrangian of the system. This Lagrangian for an $N$ is written as

$m$

References

[nose:jcp:1984-1] S. Nosé, J. Chem. Phys. 81, 511 (1984).

[nose:ptp:1991-2] S. Nosé, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 103, 1 (1991).

[hoover:pra:1985-3] W. G. Hoover, Phys. Rev. A 31, 1695 (1985).

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